Introduction: What they say
A study from the Global Research Laboratory, Seoul National University, Korea shows that “Overexpression of Atg5 in mice activates autophagy and extends lifespan.” This study was published, in the online journal “Nature Communications”, by Prof. Jung YK, Pyo Jo, and others.
Earlier, Prof. Yoshinori Ohsumi, from Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, who won the Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine, in 2016, discovered the mechanisms of Autophagy, including the role of ATG5 in the regulation of autophagy.
What we say:
On the foundation of these interesting findings, Dr L Boominathan PhD, Director-cum-chief Scientist of GBMD, reports that: Lifespan extension therapy comes of age: Metfomin aids in Lifespan extension: Metformin, the widely prescribed drug in the treatment of type II diabetes, activates autophagy, promotes leanness, increases insulin sensitivity, improves motor function, increases adult stem cell proliferation, alleviates ageing feature and extends lifespan, via upregulation of its target genes ATG5 (Autophagy-related 5) and telomerase, 18/January/2020, 11.59 pm
From research findings to therapeutic opportunity:
This study provides, for the first time, mechanistic insights into how Metformin could promote lifespan extension.
Metformin, by promoting the expression of its target genes, it may increase the expression of ATG5 (Autophagy-related 5) and Telomerase. Thereby, it may: (1) enhance autophagy, (2) promote leanness; (3) increase insulin sensitivity; (4) improve motor function; (5) increase regeneration of adult stem cells; and (6) prevent premature ageing; and alleviate aging features (Fig.1). Thus, a pharmaceutical mixture encompassing “Metformin or its analogs, either alone or in combination with other longevity-promoting drugs, or any combination of statin and sartan class of drugs, may be used to extend the lifespan of an individual (Figs.1-3).
Figure1. Mechanistic insights into how anti-hyperglycemic agent Metformin extends life-span. Metformin, by increasing the expression of its target genes, it increases ATG5 (Autophagy-related protein-5), and telomerase expression, augments regeneration of adult stem cells, and promotes leanness, insulin sensitivity, motor function and longevity.
Figure 2. Metformin, by promoting the expression of ATG5, telomerase, and other longevity-promoting genes, promotes weight loss, insulin sensitivity, and motor function, and extends lifespan
Figure 3. Metformin extends lifespan through induction of ATG5 (Autophagy-related protein-5), telomerase, and other longevity-promoting genes
Given the mechanistic basis as to how Metformin could aid in lifespan-extension (Figs. 1-3), medical practitioners/geriatricians/longevity/anti-ageing researchers may consider recommending this to the needy/aged patients or putting/taking this promising finding, with a strong mechanistic basis, which matches with the established anti-ageing mechanisms revealed recently, into a clinical trial or for further experimentation.
Details of the research findings:
Idea Proposed/Formulated by Dr L Boominathan PhD
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Undisclosed mechanistic information: How does Metformin increase the expression of ATG5 and telomerase ?
References:
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Citation: Boominathan, L., Lifespan extension therapy comes of age: Metfomin aids in Lifespan extension: Metformin, the widely prescribed drug in the treatment of type II diabetes, activates autophagy, promotes leanness, increases insulin sensitivity, improves motor function, increases adult stem cell proliferation, alleviates ageing feature and extends lifespan, via upregulation of its target genes ATG5 (Autophagy-related 5) and telomerase, 18/January/2020, 11.59 pm