From Significance of the study to Public health relevance:
Given that: (i) each year nearly 14 million people are diagnosed with cancer globally, and little more than half of them will die; (ii) cancer deaths globally are expected to be doubled by 2030; (iii) most of the cancer patients die due to metastasis; (iv) cancer treatment causes the highest economic loss compared to all the known causes of death worldwide, there is an urgent need to find: (i) bio-molecules that drive metastatic process; and the the way to prevent their expression; (ii) a way to activate immune system to combat cancer (Cancer immunotherapy); (ii) a cheaper alternative to the existing expensive anticancer drugs; (ii) a side-effect-free natural product-based drug; (iii) increase the therapeutic index of anticancer drugs; and (iv) a way to effectively treat and prevent metastatic progression and relapse of advanced/drug-resistant cancers.
Research findings to Therapeutic opportunity:
A number of studies suggests that Geniposide inhibits tumor cell proliferation. However, the mechanism of action is far from clear. This study suggests that Geniposide, by regulating the expression of its target genes, it may increase the expression of tumor suppressors Sox2 and IL1-β (fig. 1).
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Thereby, it may: (a) inhibit cell cycle progression; and (d) suppress migration, invasion and metastasis of cancer cells.
Thus, Geniposide-based treatment may be advised for metastatic cancer patients to (i) increase the expression of metastasis suppressor genes in tumors; (ii) inhibit the progression of metastatic tumors; and (ii) enhance the efficacy of Cancer therapy. Together, oncologists may consider experimenting Geniposide in the treatment of advanced metastatic cancers.
Details of the research findings:
Idea Proposed/Formulated (with experimental evidence) by:
Dr L Boominathan Ph.D.
Amount: $10#
Undisclosed mechanistic information: How Geniposide increases the expression of tumor suppressors TPM1 and TAp63
Fig1. Mechanistic insights into how the natural product-derived compound Geniposide functions as an anti-metastasis agent. Geniposide increases the expression of tumor suppressors TPM1 and TAp63 via up regulation of its target genes.
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References:
Citation: Boominathan, L., Molecular therapy for Metastatic cancers: Geniposide, isolated from Gardenia, increases the expression of tumor suppressors TPM1 and TAp63, inhibits cell cycle progression, and suppresses migration, invasion and metastasis of cancer cells via up regulation of its target gene, 9/September/2017, 1.37 am, Genome-2-Bio-Medicine Discovery center (GBMD), http://genomediscovery.org
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