What we say:
Dr L Boominathan PhD, Director-
cum-chief Scientist of GBMD, reports that: Antiviral therapy for HIV virus: A pharmaceutical mixture encompassing Cidofovir and Ribavirin (CR) increases Heme oxygenase 2 (HO-2) expression, blocks N-myristoylation of HIV-1 Gag protein, disrupts HIV-1 budding, and restricts HIV-1 production via up regulation of its target gene
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From significance of the study to Public health relevance:
Given that: (1) more than 37 million people worldwide are living with HIV/AIDS; (2) there is no effective vaccine available for HIV/AIDS; (3) HIV/AIDS tops the list of incurable diseases in humans; (4) the life-long painful drug treatment is required to treat HIV/AIDS and its associated opportunistic infections; (5) the global economic cost spent for HIV treatment is enormous, there is an urgent need to find: (i) a way to restore CD4 T-cells that were lost in HIV/AIDS; (ii) a cheaper alternative to the existing expensive antiviral drugs; (iii) a side-effect-free natural product-based drug; and (iv) a way to cure, not just treat, HIV-1/AIDS.
From research findings to Therapeutic opportunity:
This study suggests, for the first time, a small molecule-based antiviral therapy against RNA viruses such as HIV-1.
A pharmaceutical mixture encompassing Cidofovir and Ribavirin (CR), by increasing the expression of its target gene, it may increase the expression of IFN-stimulated gene-15, MX2, IFN-induced transmembrane protein 3, and Heme oxygenase-2 (HO-2) (Figure 1). Thereby, it may: (1) bind and block the myristate moiety of HIV-1 Gag protein; (2) disrupt HIV-1 budding; (3) restrict HIV-1 infectivity, replication and production; (4) promote clearance of HIV-1 and MLV virions; and (5) strengthen antiviral immunity against RNA viruses. Thus, pharmacological formulations encompassing “Cidofovir and Ribavirin (CR) or their analogs, either alone or in combination with other drugs” may be used to inhibit HIV-1 production.
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Figure 1 Mechanistic insights into how a pharmaceutical mixture encompassing Cidofovir and Ribavirin (CR) functions as an anti-HIV agent. Cidofovir and Ribavirin (CR) inhibits HIV-1 budding and production via up-regulation of HO-2
Figure 2. The chemical structure of Cidofovir and Ribavirin (CR). CR functions as an anti-HIV agent by inhibiting HIV-1 budding and production via up-regulation of IFN-stimulated gene-15, MX2, IFN-induced transmembrane protein 3, and HO-2.
Details of the research findings:
Idea Proposed/Formulated (with experimental evidence) by: Dr L Boominathan Ph.D.
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Undisclosed mechanistic information: How does a pharmaceutical mixture encompassing Cidofovir and Ribavirin (CR) increase the expression of Heme oxygenase-2 (HO-2)?
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References:
Web: http://genomediscovery.org or http://newbioideas.com/
Citation: Boominathan, L., Antiviral therapy for HIV virus: A pharmaceutical mixture encompassing Cidofovir and Ribavirin (CR) increases Heme oxygenase 2 (HO-2) expression, blocks N-myristoylation of HIV-1 Gag protein, disrupts HIV-1 budding, and restricts HIV-1 production via up regulation of its target gene, 1/December/2017, 5.22 pm, Genome-2-Bio-Medicine Discovery center (GBMD), http://genomediscovery.org
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