Mechanistic insights into how anesthetic agent Lidocaine may deteriorate memory, learning, and cognition: Lidocaine (trade name: xylocaine and lignocaine), a local anesthetic agent, decreases Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 (TIMP2) and BDNF levels, attenuates cognition, and aggravates age-associated decline in memory and learning, via up-regulation of its target genes, 8/October/2018, 7.32 pm