Nicotine-based therapy for autoimmune diabetes (TIDM): Nicotine, the major components of cigarettes, increases PD-L1 expression, increases Tregs function, promotes immune tolerance, increases pancreatic β-cell proliferation and regeneration, increases insulin secretion, improves insulin sensitivity, increases energy utilization, and reverses TIDM, via up regulation of its target gene, 2/October/2018, 11.26 pm